Brasil registra queda de 16% no número de detecções de Aids


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Postado em 27 de novembro de 2018 às 11:55


“Ministério da Saúde fez balanço da doença no Brasil nesta terça-feira (27), véspera do Dia Mundial de Luta contra a Aids. Taxa de mortalidade também caiu nos últimos quatro anos.”

O Brasil registrou uma redução de 16% no número de detecções de Aids nos últimos seis anos, segundo o Boletim Epidemiológico divulgado nesta terça-feira (27) pelo Ministério da Saúde.

Em 2012, a taxa de detecção era de 21,7 casos por cada 100 mil habitantes e, em 2017, foram 18,3, uma queda de 15,7%.

Ainda segundo o boletim, nos últimos quatro anos também houve queda de 16,5% na taxa de mortalidade pela doença, passando de 5,7 mortes por 100 mil habitantes em 2014 para 4,8 óbitos em 2017.

Para o ministério, a ampliação do acesso à testagem e a redução do tempo entre o diagnóstico e o início do tratamento da doença são razões para a queda.

O boletim mostra ainda a diminuição da transmissão vertical do HIV, quando o bebê é infectado durante a gestação. A taxa de detecção de HIV em bebês reduziu em 43% entre 2007 e 2017, caindo de 3,5 casos para 2 por cada 100 mil habitantes. O aumento de testes realizados na Rede Cegonha contribuiu para a identificação de novos casos em gestantes. Em 2017, a taxa de detecção foi de 2,8 casos por 100 mil habitantes.

Nos últimos 7 anos, houve ainda redução de 56% de infecções de HIV em crianças expostas ao vírus após 18 meses de acompanhamento. Os novos dados ainda mostram que 73% das novas infecções de HIV ocorrem no sexo masculino, sendo que 70% dos casos entre homens estão na faixa de 15 a 39 anos.

De 1980 a junho de 2018, o Brasil registrou 926.742 casos de Aids no Brasil, uma média de 40 mil novos casos por ano. O país tem registrado, anualmente, uma média de 40 mil novos casos de aids nos últimos cinco anos. O número anual de casos de aids vem diminuindo desde 2013, quando atingiu 43.269 casos; em 2017 foram registrados 37.791 casos.

Autoteste gratuito

O ministério informou ainda que a partir de janeiro, também haverá na rede pública a oferta do autoteste de HIV para populações-chave.

Serão distribuídas 400 mil unidades deste tipo de teste, inicialmente como um projeto piloto nas cidades de São Paulo, Santos, Piracicaba, São José do Rio Preto, Ribeirão Preto e São Bernardo do Campo, Rio de Janeiro, Curitiba, Florianópolis, Salvador, Porto Alegre, Belo Horizonte, Manaus.

Atualmente, o autoteste de HIV já é vendido nas farmácias privadas do país, mas os resultados não podem ser utilizados para o diagnóstico definitivo. O Ministério da Saúde orienta que em caso de teste positivo o usuário busque o serviço de saúde para testes complementares.

Nas caixas de autoteste distribuído pelo SUS, haverá um número 0800 do fabricante para tirar dúvidas e dar orientações aos usuários. Este serviço funcionará 24 horas e 7 dias por semana. Além disso, o usuário pode tirar dúvidas pelo Disque Saúde 136 e no site www.aids.gov.br/autoteste.

Tratamento

Atualmente, 92% das pessoas em tratamento no país estão com o vírus indetectável no organismo. O tratamento é totalmente gratuito e oferecido pelo Sistema Único de Saúde.

Até setembro de 2018, 585 mil pessoas estavam em tratamento para Aids no Brasil. Destes, 87% estão fazendo tratamento com o remédio Dolutegravir.

Em 2017, foi registrado a maior queda da taxa de mortalidade por Aids depois da introdução do coquetel. Passando de 5,7 mortes por 100 mil habitantes em 2014 para 4,8 óbitos em 2017.

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