HUMAN SECURITY
INSTITUTE
Postado em 19 de novembro de 2019 às 10:51
Instituto credita mudança na composição do alunado ao sistema de cotas; estudantes criticam sub-representação e relatam dificuldades nas instituições
O número de estudantes negros nas universidades públicas passou, pela primeira vez, o de brancos , segundo a pesquisa “Desigualdades Sociais por Cor ou Raça no Brasil”, feita pelo IBGE e divulgada nesta quarta-feira, com base na Pnad Contínua. Em 2018, o Brasil tinha mais de 1,14 milhão de estudantes autodeclarados pretos e pardos, enquanto os brancos ocupavam 1,05 milhão de vagas em instituições de ensino superior federais, estaduais e/ou municipais. Isso equivale, respectivamente, a 50,3% e 48,2% dos mais de 2,19 milhões de brasileiros matriculados na rede pública.
Esta é a primeira vez que os negros ocupam mais da metade das vagas nas universidades públicas. Em 2016, primeiro ano em que a pesquisa trouxe um módulo específico sobre educação, havia uma ligeira diferença: 49,5% dos estudantes eram negros e 49%, brancos.
Segundo o IBGE, o avanço dessa parcela da população é resultado, parcialmente, do sistema de cotas, que desde 2012 reserva vagas a candidatos de determinados grupos populacionais. A partir de 2016, segundo regras estabelecidas pelo Ministério da Educação (MEC) na Lei Federal de Cotas, ao menos 50% das vagas disponíveis no Sistema de Seleção Unificada (Sisu), são reservas para atender critérios de renda ou raça. Se analisados em conjunto com os resultados do antigo questionário da Pnad, os dados mostram uma tendência crescente de ocupação de vagas por essa parcela da população.
— Temos uma trajetória de melhora. É resultado de um processo, da universalização do ensino fundamental, correção do fluxo escolar, adequação na série correta, redução do atraso, redução do abandono, somando com as políticas de acesso ao ensino superior, temos esse resultado final — afirma Luanda Botelho, analista do IBGE.
Fonte : O Globo
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